2^nd International Conference and Exhibition on Automobile Engineering December 01-02, 2016 Valencia, Spain

Kustron P is an Assistant Professor at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. He professionally works with welding technology and FEM analysis of welded joints. He is Specialist in the field of destructive and non-destructive tests. He is actively cooperating with automotive industry in modeling and analysis techniques of manufacturing methods.

The article presents contemporary ultrasonic methods that can be applied to evaluate the quality of transmission drive components of motor vehicles. The issues of non-destructive analysis of discontinuities in manufactured drive shafts, consisting currently of thin-walled tubes, were investigated in this study. The driveshaft elements were joined by using innovative method called Magnetically Impelled Arc But Welding (MIAB). For many years a major challenge for engineers working with ultrasonic techniques was joining of thin-walled components (having thickness below 3 mm). In addition of this limitation, the problem of variable geometry of the weld flash on the weld perimeter was highlighted. To reduce the impact of mentioned factors the pseudo-surface waves (also known as lateral waves) have been applied in this study. For optimal parameters selection of the ultrasonic beam propagation and understanding the physical-acoustic phenomena, the Finite Elements Method modeling was performed also. The phenomena of wave transformation on medium boundary and reflections from artificial flaw have been analyzed. The results of numerical analysis were confirmed by experimental research. Manufactured MIAB welding joints were tested by ultrasonic method with using designed experiment setup. Selected configurations with various shapes, dimensions and process variables have been investigated. The results confirm the usefulness of ultrasonic methods for quality evaluations of butt welds made by MIAB welding parts transmission shafts of motor vehicles.

Emre Çıtak was born in 1991 at Izmir in Turkey. He received his B.Sc. degree in 2014 and going on the master programme in Chemical Engineering Department of Selcuk University. During master programme, he has lead to research project on the graphene and carbonnanotubes with local funding. His special research areas are graphene, carbonnanotubes and nanomaterials and their applications. Emre Çıtak is director of GrafenBiotech Nanotechnology Co. Ltd. GrafenBiotech NanoTechnology Co. Ltd. was established in 2015 as a Nanotechnology start-up in order to produce critical Nanomaterials such as Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Graphene and create a local market on these materials in Turkey. After the successful Production of various types of Graphene, we began to study on the applications of different Nanomaterials including nanotubes, metal oxides, carbides, clay Nanoparticles and many others in projects funded by local funding agencies.

The study of graphene has been one of the most exciting topics in material science and many other research fields since the first report of the preparation and isolation of single graphene layers in 2004. After the experimental discovery of its unique properties in 2004, graphene has become a material of intense research with a variety of applications in electronics, photonics and sensor technologies. For most of these applications, large area monolayer and bilayer graphene films are used. The growth of graphene by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) on polycrystalline copper foils has become very popular because of its scalability, high yield, low cost and suitability for industrial implementation. Typically, the copper foil is exposed to gaseous hydrocarbons at high temperatures, which are catalytically decomposed forming graphene domains on the copper surface. This study focuses on transferring synthesized graphene with Chemical Vapor Deposition system on the piston ring surface. Firstly, it is synthesized graphene with CVD method. Then, it is transferred as monolayer graphene flakes coating piston ring. Graphene layers were confirmed by green Laser at 532 nm wave length with Raman peaks such as 1581 and 1582 cm-1 and 2D peaks at 2700 cm-1 band in Raman spectroscopy. Friction properties of graphene layers were tested experimentally in tribotest rig. Graphene coating showed lower friction value between piston ring and cylinder liner and tribofilms were presented by microscopic examination. It is advisable that graphene layers can be coated by transfer method and be used in the internal combustion engines.

Jinsoo Kim received the BS degree in Traffic Engineering from Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, in 2010 and the MS degree in Traffic Engineering from Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, in 2012. He is currently pursuing his PhD degree in Mechanical Convergence Engineering at Graduate School of Hanyang University. From 2013 onwards, he is Research Assistant with the Institute of Mechanical Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. His research interest includes the development of intelligent vehicle and traffic systems through vehicle and traffic flow dynamics with optimal control. His awards and honors include the Global PhD Fellowship (National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MEST)), the Best Paper Award in Proceedings of the ITS Conference and the Prize of Korean Society of Transportation.

Disturbance propagation and string stability of a large vehicle platoon that consists of a part of the traffic flow is closely related to traffic shockwaves and oscillation. In this respect, the concepts of the estimation and prediction of shockwave propagation speeds and congestion should be considered in order to establish a control strategy for safe conditions without collisions even when the congestion is amplified in an unstable string of the large platoon. This means that an advanced approach for a car-following control strategy, which includes a time delay and non-linearity terms, is necessary for the enhancement of Vehicle Platoon Control (VPC) and the system robustness. In this research, we have demonstrated the effect of the disturbance propagation phenomenon on traffic flow stability. The traffic flow shockwave and oscillation are interpreted in terms of both macroscopic and microscopic approaches. We also discuss how the phenomenon affects VPC systems based on the optimal velocity model (OVM), which is an advanced car-following model. In addition, we improve the OVM, which is called the advanced OVM, by including a term for the delay time and by setting up a boundary condition of acceleration in order to enhance the VPC system and to ensure its robustness.

Selman Demirtaş is currently pursuing his MSc at Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive Division.

Wear is the progressive loss of materials from contacting surfaces relative in motion. Different wear mechanisms occur during engine operation. According to the literature survey; especially, wear in the cylinder bore and on the piston ring is caused by abrasion, scuffing (adhesion), corrosion, bore polishing and delamination. One of the most critical tribological areas in an engine is the cylinder-ring interface. Cylinder-ring wear has been known to play a major role in internal combustion engine durability, performance, emissions and fuel economy. Wear in an engine cylinder liner reaches its maximum at the top ring reversal point. Wear at the top dead center (TDC) of the piston ring travel is heavy because of the high contact pressure, the thin lubricant film due to the low sliding velocity and high gas temperature. The aim of this paper is to present wear mechanisms occurred on the surface of diverse piston rings (even coated and uncoated) and cylinder liner sliding pairs which were rubbed under boundary lubricating conditions using reciprocating tribotest machine and single cylinder spark ignition Honda GX 270 test engine for 75 hours using commercial lubricating oil. Accommodating and confirming to literature survey, protective additives layer and different wear mechanisms were identified using micro- and nano-analysis. While additive layers were formed on the rubbed surface of both piston rings and cylinder liner in tribometer tests, they were only detected at the TDC of cylinder liner of engine tests. Any additive protective layers were detected on the piston ring of engine tests.